"Ox Demon King," King Gruesome in the dub), so he loosely based Bowser on an ox as a homage. He liked the film's main antagonist Gyū-Maō (lit. For the character's appearance, Miyamoto drew inspiration from an anime film adaptation of the Chinese novel Journey to the West, renamed Alakazam the Great during the film's American localization.
This artwork included a depiction of Bowser that is significantly different than later designs, the most obvious anomalies being his gray-blue skin and lack of horns. However, time was running short, so he drew the game's original box art himself. During the development of Super Mario Bros., Miyamoto considered asking a manga artist or illustrator to do the art for the game. The earliest known design for what would become Bowser depicted him as resembling an upright Koopa Troopa with spines on his back, and fangs. For the later North American release of the game, which also introduced the anglicized spelling Koopa, the character was named "Bowser". Miyamoto stated that they considered naming him either Kuppa (국밥), Yukke (육회), or Bibinba (비빔밥), which are all Korean dishes as they are known in Japanese. In concept art, he tentatively had the name 「ボス クリーパー」 ( Bosu Kurīpā, Boss Creeper), based on Shellcreeper.
2.2.2 Super Mario Bros.: The Lost Levels.Bowser's defining traits are his monstrous appearance with dragon-like elements, full-throated roar, fire-breathing abilities, cruel personality, bestial reptilian voice, never-ending conflict with Mario, and unrequited crush for Peach. He has repeatedly kidnapped or attempted to kidnap Princess Peach with the ultimate goal of defeating Mario and taking over the Mushroom Kingdom. He is a large, powerful, fire-breathing Koopa who leads the Koopa Troop, an antagonistic organization of turtle-like creatures, and has been the arch-nemesis of Mario since his debut in Super Mario Bros. ) and more recently referred to by his minions as Lord Bowser or Master Bowser (Japanese: クッパさま Kuppa-sama), is a major character and the main antagonist of the Mario franchise.
“Hear this! I will kidnap Peach OVER and OVER until I pull it off! And no one can stop me! Losing is not an option! And neither is giving up!” - Bowser, Mario & Luigi: Dream Teamīowser, sometimes known as King Koopa or King Bowser (Japanese: 大魔王クッパ, Daimaō Kuppa, which translates into "Great Demon King Koopa" or "Great Sorcerer King Koopa," the latter being used in the manual of Super Mario Bros. For information about the sponsor and team of the same name, see Lord Bowser (team).